Biocompatibility is one of the most important characteristics of materials for implantation. It has been scientifically confirmed that the physical and chemical properties of the surface of metal implants or their elements can have an impact on clinical safety. The structure of the material (porosity, smoothness, geometry) can influence its incorporation into surrounding tissues. This requires conducting experiments with a longer contact interval of the tested materials under in vivo conditions.
Diastolic dysfunction in HIV-infected patients is a common problem, the pathway of which is based on chronic low-intensity inflammation, and whose consequences are associated with progression of chronic heart failure (CHF) and death.
The aim of the study was to evaluate clinical, echocardiographic and laboratory data of patients with diastolic left ventricular myocardial dysfunction infected with HIV and to present new prognostic relationships.
Within the framework of a one-stage, screening, clinical study in the conditions of a multidisciplinary clinic, 240 patients with HIV infection were examined, and 136 of them showed signs of diastolic dysfunction. The development of diastolic dysfunction in HIV-infected patients is a factor provoking the development and progression of CVD, ventricular rhythm disturbances, ischemic heart disease, and anemia. Diastolic dysfunction in HIV-infected patients increases the risks of death within 2 years by 1.46 times. Increase of NT-proBNP concentration in plasma of HIV-infected patients ≥ 185.7 pg/mL is associated with the development of diastolic dysfunction in them.
A comprehensive understanding of the human intestine and its structural-functional unit, the “gut barrier,” implies an intricate cross-talk between epithelial cells and the underlying immune system to coordinate the surveillance of intestinal luminal contents. Disruption of this barrier leads to an increased passage of antigens and macromolecules from the external environment into the host, triggering local or systemic inflammation and immune activation, commonly referred to as “leaky gut.” In recent times, increased intestinal permeability has been recognized as a key factor or pivotal pathogenic component in chronic inflammatory diseases, including metabolic disorders. Metabolic syndrome (MetSy) encompasses a cluster of metabolic disorders associated with an elevated risk of cardiovascular diseases, despite lifestyle modifications and medications. Zonulin, among the non-invasive markers of intestinal permeability, stands out due to its sensitivity. Nanomembrane-based low-volume plasma exchange (LVPE) is an innovative approach to blood purification designed to remove toxic and inflammatory blood components. This safe and minimally invasive procedure involves a device that pumps and filters the patient’s blood through nanopores in a multi-membrane layout. Objective.
This study aims to investigate the impact of nanomembrane-based LVPE on the intestinal barrier in individuals with MetSy, elucidating its potential therapeutic role in chronic inflammatory diseases.
Materials and methods. In this prospective study, 48 outpatient participants (31.3 % female, 68.7 % male) with an average age of 50 years underwent four cycles of nanomembrane-based LVPE, conducted every other day. Each cycle involved the removal of 30 % of circulating plasma, replaced with a saline solution. Serum samples were collected before the first and after the fourth LVPE cycle, measuring markers including Zonulin, C-reactive protein (CRP), high-sensitive CRP, Interleukin-6 (IL6), vitamin D3, and cardiometabolic parameters. Additionally, these markers were measured in plasma samples obtained after each LVPE cycle.
Results. After four cycles of LVPE, there was a significant decrease in the concentrations of vitamin D3 (p < 0.001), CRP (p < 0.02), glucose (p < 0.0001), total cholesterol (p < 0.0001), triglycerides (p < 0.011), and HDL-C (p < 0.006). Before the first cycle, Zonulin was significantly associated with HDL-C (β = 1.406; p = 0.002), LDL-C (β = -1.263; p = 0.012), and hsCRP (β = 0.302; p = 0.046). After the fourth cycle, significant associations were obtained for HbA1c (β = 0.342; p = 0.025) and total cholesterol (β=0.570; p=0.001).
Conclusion. Our study advocates for the use of nanomembrane-based LVPE as a targeted method to enhance gut barrier permeability in individuals with MetSy. Through four LVPE cycles, our research validates the efficacy of this approach in correcting carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Notably, our investigation reveals LVPE’s potential immunomodulatory effect on inflammatory pathways.
The loss of maxillary masticatory teeth is associated with a decrease in both the height and width of the alveolar bone mass. In addition to the bone limits, implant placement to replace the missing tooth is complicated by the close proximity of the maxillary sinus floor. The above can negatively affect the success of the patient’s surgical rehabilitation. The maxillary sinus lift (MS), or sinus lift, can optimize the procedure and the results of dental implantation. Maxillary sinus floor lift surgery is a procedure with predictable results and a low complication rate, with an expected success rate of over 90 % in the long term. However, like any surgical procedure, a sinus lift comes with some complications. One of the most common complications is Schneider’s membrane perforation, which occurs either for iatrogenic reasons related to improper surgical actions or due to anatomical features of a particular patient that may complicate the procedure. A particularly interesting fact is the association of the incidence of MS membrane perforation with individual patient anatomy, particularly the presence of frontal or sagittal bony septa.
The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship of the incidence of Schneider’s membrane perforation during sinus lift surgery in patients with and without bony septa in the MS.
Materials and Methods. The present study included 100 patients who underwent open sinus lift surgery with subsequent implant placement. The participants were divided into 2 groups after studying the data of preoperative CBCT: group 1 – patients without septum in the MS (control group – 30 patients), group 2 – patients with septum in the MS (experimental group – 70 patients). Postoperative follow-up of the patients of both groups to monitor the presence of complications from Schneider’s membrane was performed on the 3rd,5th,7th day according to clinical symptoms. Results. For group 1 patients (MS without septum), the rate of Schneider’s membrane perforation during sinus lift was 20 %, whereas for group 2 patients (MS with septum), the rate of perforation was 77.2 %.
Conclusions. The obtained data indicate a higher incidence of Schneider membrane damage during open sinus lift surgery in patients with individual anatomical features of the MS compared to patients with classic MS anatomy. The above-mentioned necessitates a more thorough preoperative planning of the invasive intervention, as well as a detailed analysis of 3D radiographs (CBCT) of the maxillary sinus.
The material is devoted to the results of a number of own studies in the field of local drug stimulation (pharmacopuncture) – a technique for irritating reflexology points with small doses of drugs. In this respect, the topic being developed fits well into the general course of the problem of low-energy therapeutic effects, interest in which has only increased recently. In the mechanisms of technology, the role of prolongation of the reflex response and the formation of the depot of the drug used is distinguished. However, the issues of summation and, moreover, potentiation of these influences remain unclear, which determined the implementation of a series of works.
The object of observation was lumbosacral dorsopathy, since the bulk of research on local stimulation is devoted to the correction of these conditions.
Naturally, the enduring medical, social and economic significance of the problem of dorsopathies was taken into account. In the work performed, the mechanisms and effectiveness of pharmacopuncture with Alflutop, shown in the pathology under study, were analyzed. The evaluation of the effectiveness of the method included in the complex therapy programs was based on taking into account the dynamics of clinical and additional (psychological, electrophysiological) characteristics of the patient’s condition. At the same time, the addition of the reflex and drug links of the method was confirmed, which determines its significant superiority over the compared methods. In this regard, the structural-modifying effect in the form of shifts in the state of the intervertebral discs, observed in the course of the combined application of the selected technology and electromagnetic stimulation, was of fundamental importance. In addition, within the framework of the affected direction, an effective scheme of exposure was proposed, combining the techniques of drug blockade according to the method of A.V. Vishnevsky and pharmacopuncture with Alflutop.
