Sleep disorders and panic disorder (PD) are often comorbid and closely interrelated. Sleep disorders aggravate the severity of panic disorder, and pathological anxiety worsens sleep. In this regard, the treatment of insomnia in patients with PD is aimed at harmonizing the emotional state and correcting sleep and, along with pharmacotherapy, includes a wide range of psychotherapeutic methods. Successful treatment of insomnia increases the effectiveness of PD therapy, reduces the likelihood of relapse and increases the susceptibility of patients to many anti-anxiety drugs.
The dental system is a complex mechanism that includes a number of connective tissue structures that have specific properties and perform a number of functions, in particular, protective. One of the main barrier elements of the oral cavity is the mucous membrane lining it, throughout its length, having a different morphological structure. The most frequently pathological process is the periodontal tissue, which consists of attached and non-attached gums, bone alveoli, cementum of the tooth root and periodontal ligament of the tooth. At present, all periodontal diseases are usually divided into inflammatory and primary dystrophic, while a number of authors have found that in its pure form, the dystrophic process is detected no more than 1–8% of all diseases and is characterized as a generalised process against the background of general somatic pathology. The frequency of occurrence of periodontal diseases varies from 60 to 85% in the working population, which determines the relevance of studying therapeutic measures aimed at their relief and is the purpose of this study.
The aim of the study was to investigate the angioprotective and anti-inflammatory properties of Vaccinium mytillus, Vaccinium arctostaphylos in experiment.
Materials and methods. In this experimental work, the authors developed a model of periodontal damage in experimental animals (Vistar rats, weight – 25–300 g) under the conditions of drug loading with chloral hydrate, in accordance with the Directive on the Protection of Vertebrate Animals of 2000 and extracts from the act of Local Ethical Committee. The model was created by inflicting a single injury with a sharp object in the projection of the interdental space in the frontal segment of the mandible. The proper pathological condition was recorded on the 5–7th day; the verification of the morphological changes in some of the animals was being made by fragmenting the frontal segment of the lower jaw, followed by a pathological and histological examination. Then, the control group of animals was treated applied gel, made of Vaccinium mytillus, Vaccinium arctostaphylos to stop the process for 2 weeks. For comparison, the main group was treated with a gel without the inclusion of a drug component. At the end of the course of conservative therapy, according to the design of the study, biopsy specimens were taken again in both groups to evaluate the results of the conservative therapy provided.
Results. According to the patho-histological study in the biopsy specimens of the damaged periodontium, the animals, revealed morphological disorders corresponding to chronic periodontal disease. At the stage of treatment in the control group, positive dynamics was noted both according to the clinical examination and after the pathological and histological examination of biopsy specimens in the comparison groups.
Conclusions. The obtained results indicate the presence of anti-inflammatory and angioprotective effect of medicament compositions based on Vaccinium mytillus, Vaccinium arctostaphylos, which will be further tested in clinical trials.
The material is devoted to the analysis of the main mechanisms and comparative assessment of the effectiveness of various options for the cutaneous use of essential oils in dorsopathies.
Materials and methods. 90 patients (women and men) with exacerbation of lumbosacral dorsopathy were selected. In the course of the study, along with neurological, psychological and electrophysiological analysis was carried out. The observed individuals were divided into three randomized groups, each of 30 people in which standard treatment was performed standard treatment. In addition to this, in the first two, main groups, a mixture of essential oils was used: in the 1st group by massaging the lumbosacral zone, in the 2nd – biopuncture, with its application to the area of segmental and distant acupuncture points In the 3rd, control group, sesame oil was applied to the area of the same points as a placebo.
Results and conclusion. The results of the study confirmed the effectiveness of both types of use of essential oils, exceeding, at the level of reliability, the indicators of the control group. However, in the main groups, the rates of sustained analgesia varied, achieved on average after 7.2 procedures in the 1st and 5.5 in the 2nd group. In a similar proportion, the final intensity of pain also decreased – by 51.7 and 65%, respectively, compared with the initial one. According to the delayed assessment performed after six months, exacerbations of the process in the control group were noted in a third of patients, while in the main groups they were observed in a comparably smaller number. Nevertheless, there are differences in the severity of periodically occurring algia: in the 2nd group they increased slightly, while in others they increased to a significantly greater extent. At the same time, the data of rheovasograms testified in favor of greater stability of the results in the 2nd group. The noted advantage of biopuncture with essential oils can be explained by the cumulative effect inherent in the methods of reflexology. In addition, this technique, given the physiology, can be an addition to more aggressive types (classical acupuncture, electrical stimulation) of physical exposure.
Medical and social rehabilitation of patients with total jaw defects is an urgent surgical problem for maxillofacial surgeons. Cicatricial deformities, functional disorders of anatomical structures after resection are a difficult task for reconstructive surgery. It is impossible to achieve positive results without the use of digital technologies, a review of the methods of «digital dentistry» (CAD-CAM modeling and 3D printing) on clinical examples.
The aim of the study was to investigate the necessity of using digital technology in prosthetic patients with subtotal and total jawbone defects.
Materials and methods. The review provides examples of complex dental rehabilitation of patients with a detailed description of clinical and laboratory procedures, photographs and X-ray studies.
Results. An illustrative clinical example confirms the high value and significant role of computer simulation in complex clinical cases and situations. The presented technique made it possible to restore the former quality of life of patients, which indicates its high development today.
Conclusions. Clinical examples confirm the effectiveness of the use of digital dental technologies, prosthetics on implants in maxillofacial surgical dentistry. In the future, these methods will be improved through the introduction of new materials, workflow optimization and improved design accuracy using CAD-CAM and 3D modeling technologies.
Post-resection defects of the upper jaw are one of the most difficult problems in surgery. They can occur after removal of tumors, trauma or infection, and can cause various functional and aesthetic problems in patients. Surgical reconstruction of the maxilla may require the use of bone grafts and/or implants, which may be ineffective or cause a number of complications in the absence of a reconstructive approach.
The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy and safety of surgical reconstruction of the upper jaw using modified individual plates and bone autografts.
Materials and methods. The study was conducted among 35 patients with post-resection defects of the upper jaw. All patients underwent surgical reconstruction using modified individual plates and revascularizable autografts, according to the division into 2 groups. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the reconstruction was carried out based on clinical data in the early and late postoperative periods.
Results. The use of revascularized flaps makes it possible to achieve an optimal long-term result with the absence of a large volume of foreign bodies in the recipient bed.
Conclusions. Reconstructive surgery using metal structures is fraught with a number of postoperative complications that require corrective manipulations and (or) a fundamentally different approach for repeated interventions. Currently, the gold alternative standard is the use of revascularized flaps, which allowed 16 patients to achieve a long-term stable result with the restoration of the continuity of the upper jaw, followed by prosthetics.
