Preventive soft tissue plastic surgery in the area of the upcoming reconstruction of the alveolar bone of the jaws

Abstract

The article presents a comparative analysis of the results of guided bone regeneration operations using individual titanium skeleton membranes, where in one group, soft tissue plastic surgery was not performed before alveolar bone reconstruction, and in the other group, it was performed accordingly. Soft tissue plastic surgery was performed using the technique of an apically displaced flap with the transfer of a free gingival graft to the wound surface. The individual titanium frame membrane was manufactured using the technology of direct laser sintering of metals on a 3D printer. In patients of the 1st group, 7 cases of complications were registered within a month after the direct bone regeneration (GBR) such as suture divergence and membrane densification. In group 2, after two months, all patients had a keratinized gum attachment with a width of 4–5 mm and a thickness of at least 1.5 mm; then, all patients underwent reconstruction of the alveolar ridge using individually manufactured titanium membranes. In the second group, 1 case of a complication in the form of membrane exposure was registered within a month after the GBR. According to a comparative analysis of the number of complications between the 1st and 2nd groups, statistically significant results were obtained in reducing the number of complications, in the form of suture divergence and membrane exposure, 28 and 4%, respectively, p = 0.049.